The numerous foods and ingredients that make up Mediterranean cuisine, a collection of culinary traditions that evolved in the Mediterranean Basin, stand out. The nations that surround the Mediterranean Sea are credited with some of history's most significant advancements, including those in the fields of architecture, mathematics, philosophy, and religion. Turkish cuisine known as "borek" features filo pastry filled with cheese or ground meat. The Turkish term börek, which meaning "folded," is the source of the English word "borek." The most popular kind of borek in Turkey is called külbura (cheese borek), which is produced by enclosing a soft white cheese in a triangular piece of dough and frying it in hot oil. A deep-fried ball or patty called falafel is produced with ground garbanzo beans, fava beans, or both. Typically, it comes in a pita sandwich with pickles, veggies, and tahini sauce. It is often included as a component of mezze, a Middle Eastern appetiser spread. It is vegan and vegetarian. One of such delicacies, falafel, has a long history in the Mediterranean region's many civilizations. It seems to have started in the 18th century BCE, somewhere between Egypt and Greece (Before Common Era). Falafel was not well known until Jewish immigrants from Arab countries brought their culinary traditions to Israel following World War II, thus most people are unaware of its lengthy history. A common dish in Egypt and the Middle East is ful medames. It is produced with cooked fava beans that have been mashed and flavor-adjusted. Additionally, it is Egypt's national dish! Although ful medames may be had at any time of the day, it is often served during breakfast or brunch. Others like eating ful alone, with other meals like hummus or falafel, or with pita bread. Some people enjoy eating ful with pita bread. Even in New York City, there are several Egyptian restaurants where you may get ful medames. Moussaka is a classic Greek meal that consists of layers of thinly sliced tomato and eggplant, covered with béchamel sauce, then baked. Moussaka is often served as an entrée with a salad or roasted potatoes or as part of a meze (appetiser buffet). A typical fish stew from Provence in the south of France is called bouillabaisse. It is prepared with a variety of seafood, often red rascasse (lionfish), John Dory, sea bass, monkfish, and mussels, and is topped with rouille, a mayonnaise-based sauce flavoured with garlic.
To feed their families, fishermen used everything they could find in the water to make this dish. Despite the fact that bouillabaisse is now served in restaurants all over the globe, its primary components are still constrained by tradition: tomatoes are not allowed since they weren't brought to Provence until after Spain conquered France in the 17th century! In order to make the well-known spread or dip known as hummus, cooked, mashed chickpeas are combined with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt, garlic, and sometimes additional seasonings. It is well-liked across the Middle East and has its roots in the Eastern Mediterranean area. Salads and flatbreads like falafel are signature dishes of Egyptian cuisine. Another well-liked Egyptian cuisine is called ful medames, which is a fava bean dish akin to hummus. Moussaka is a Greek meal made with eggplant, ground beef or lamb, and béchamel sauce that was first created in Egypt and then imported by the Ottomans to Greece. Although Marseille was formerly a part of the Ottoman Empire, Bouillabaisse is a French dish that may be served over rice or couscous and is cooked with saffron-flavored fish stock. Spanish-born chorizo is a kind of pork sausage. It is often used in recipes for Mediterranean foods like paella and Spanish tortilla. It may be eaten fresh or smoked, cured, or both. The Spanish verb choricear, which meaning "to chop into little cubes" or "to cut up finely," is where the term "chorizo" originates (Choricero was also the name given to butchers who worked with pig meat). Because both chorizo and salami are cured meats often used in Mediterranean cuisine, the two are sometimes mistaken for one another. Although salami is produced with ground beef rather than swine, it has a smoother texture than raw chorizo and is higher in fat and salt than its regional relative. A paste produced from mashed sesame seeds is called tahini. It is a main ingredient in many meals that are popular in Mediterranean cuisine and in Middle Eastern cuisine. Tahini may be eaten on its own as part of a meze or is often used as a component in hummus (a collection of small dishes). For instance: Tahini sauce and deep-fried falafel balls are often served with falafel sandwiches. At its height, the Ottoman Empire, which was the most powerful nation at the time, ruled over a sizable chunk of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa. As a multicultural empire, it had a variety of cuisines that were popular across its territory and were inspired by the many civilizations that joined together to create it. Ottoman cuisine may be divided into numerous broad groups, including Balkan (eastern Mediterranean), Anatolian (western Mediterranean), Arab, Persian, Greek, and Armenian foods.
"The olive tree (Olea europaea), a classic tree crop of the Mediterranean area, produces olives as its fruit. The plant family, which also contains species like lilacs, jasmine, and forsythia, is named for the tree and its fruit. One of the first planted trees, it originated in Asia Minor and by ancient times had spread to much of Europe." The olives are plucked from trees spread over the Mediterranean region; thus, various regions yield various types with various flavours. Nowadays, purchasing pre-bottled oil is becoming more and more popular in place of manufacturing their own at home or pressing it at a nearby mill (which is still very popular). However, if you do have your own olive grove, you may manufacture your own oil by pressing the olives between two big stones or even using an ancient press! According to some, this results in an even better-tasting product... The Middle East and North Africa both provide couscous, which is a mainstay of the Mediterranean diet. Couscous is a sort of flour that has its origins in Morocco. It is prepared by moistening semolina flour with boiling water, letting it cool, and then steaming it over stew or vegetables. You can eat couscous by itself or with beef, fish, chicken, lamb, or even all four of those things! You've undoubtedly had saffron-seasoned couscous on your plate if you've ever eaten Moroccan cuisine. This dish's distinctive taste and golden colour are a result of the use of saffron; it is further enhanced by the addition of scallions (also known as green onions), lemon juice, or olive oil.
Spanish food is an eclectic fusion of domestic and international influences. The nation boasts a large variety of seafood meals as a result of its closeness to the Mediterranean Sea, and its proximity to France and Portugal has impacted its usage of red wine and garlic. Arabic, North African, and Mediterranean cuisines have all had an impact on Spanish food. Spain was historically ruled by Muslims, which resulted in further Middle Eastern culinary influences. With place of butter or lard, fresh items are often cooked in olive oil in Spanish cuisine (although this varies by region). Popular foods include tortilla espanola (a potato omelette), jamon serrano (dry-cured ham), pan con tomate (bread rubbed with tomato), churros (fried dough sticks) dipped in hot chocolate for breakfast on weekends, gazpacho soup, tapas—small portions of food served as appetisers at bars or restaurants—and much more.
Using finely diced tomatoes, cucumber, mint, parsley, onion, and olive oil, tabbouleh is a Levantine salad. Lemon juice is often drizzled on top of it to enhance taste. The Mediterranean area is home to the green plant known as parsley. Since it is a member of the carrot family, its leaves are smaller and more delicate than those of most other herbs. Parsley has a number of nutritional advantages, including being high in vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, magnesium, and potassium; improving digestion due to its high fibre content; lowering blood pressure; cleansing the kidneys by removing toxins from them; and stimulating bile secretion, which helps prevent gallstones from forming. You may eat parsley fresh or cooked, but be sure to remove the stems first (they are not edible). The freshness of parsley pairs beautifully with other ingredients like tomatoes or lemon juice in stews, salads, and on top of soups (like our recipe for Greek Soup). Broad beans, usually referred to as faba beans, are a kind of legume that is frequently used in Mediterranean cooking. They are common in many nations around the Mediterranean Sea and have long been a staple cuisine. They are not only affordable and simple to raise, but they are also healthful. High levels of protein, dietary fibre, and B vitamins including folate and riboflavin are all found in faba beans (vitamin B9). They may be used in both soups and salads because to their adaptability; when fried into falafel, they provide a fantastic vegetarian protein source! Red chilies, garlic, and other spices are used to make the hot chilli paste known as harissa. It is typically used as a condiment with Mediterranean foods including couscous, grilled meats, and seafood. It is Tunisian in origin. Additionally, couscous, yoghurt, sauces, barbecue sauces, and meat glazes may all be made using harissa as an ingredient. By roasting dried chilies and then grinding them with garlic, cumin, coriander seed, caraway, and olive oil, one may make harissa at home. However, this approach may produce inconsistently high-quality harissa owing to irregularities in heat transmission during the roasting of the components.
Wheat that has been parboiled, dried, and crushed is known as bulgur. Bulgur may be served as a side dish or added to salads, pilafs, and soups. Although it is thought that bulgur originated in the Mediterranean area, it has subsequently spread all over the globe. It is also widely used in Middle Eastern cooking; bulgur is a component in the salad tabbouleh and the soup kibbeh nayyeh (made with lamb). The food of Naples, Italy, is known as neapolitan cuisine. Its history spans more than 2,000 years. The ingredients and customs that the Greeks and Romans introduced to southern Italy during their conquest are the foundation of Neapolitan cuisine. It then served as a model for several other Mediterranean dishes. One of the most widely consumed types of Italian cuisine nowadays is neapolitan. Pizza, spaghetti, fish and seafood dishes like swordfish or calamari, among other meals, are only a few examples of the various varieties of Neapolitan cuisine (squid). The ingredients for the classic Middle Eastern meal baba ghanoush are eggplant, garlic, and tahini. It's often served with pita bread or pita chips as an appetiser or side dish, but it also tastes great as a main meal. Baba ghanoush is smooth and creamy, but not too substantial like hummus (another popular dip). For various tastes, serve it either warm or cold! Spanish paella is a rice dish that is often cooked with chicken, fish, or rabbit. It is often consumed on special occasions and presented in a big pan. The Latin word for pan is where the term "paella" originates (patella). The ingredients of koshary, sometimes spelled kushari, include rice, macaroni, lentils, and fried onions. Its origins are in Egypt, where it is revered as the national food. Tomato sauce is frequently drizzled on top of koshary.
This Egyptian delicacy has been present since the 19th century; Al-Ahram, an Egyptian daily, published the first mention of it. The dish itself was developed by street vendors who required inexpensive meals to sell to working-class people daily as they travelled to work or school. Koshary became so well-liked because it made it possible for consumers to enjoy this comfort dish without going over their spending limits! The food of Italy is well-liked all throughout the globe. Pizza, spaghetti, risotto, lasagna, bread, custard desserts, and lentil soup are all common ingredients in Italian cuisine. Italian food mostly consists of meat, such as chicken or beef, and vegetables, such as tomatoes and peppers. Italy is renowned for its sauces, such as alfredo sauce and tomato sauce, which may be used on a variety of dishes, including pizza and pasta. The cephalopod class, which also contains octopus and cuttlefish, includes squid. Squid is a widely used element in international cuisine, particularly in Mediterranean nations like Greece and Italy. Squid is often eaten whole, however it may also be cut into rings or strips or filleted. Squid is not only tasty but also a fantastic source of protein, with one dish (100 grammes) containing around 19 grammes. Despite the fact that this quantity may seem little in comparison to other meals, the high quantities of vitamin B12 make up for it (which helps with brain function). Squid could be just up your alley the next time you're feeling experimental when it comes to the food selections at your favourite Mediterranean restaurant or market—or even if you'd want to cook your own dish at home! Making sausages is both a craft and an age-old art. It is both a science and an art. You are simply prohibited from calling your sausage "art" because doing so would be dishonest. This is but a sample of the delectable cuisine available in Mediterranean nations. There is food for everyone, including spaghetti and falafel. While certain meals may seem to be comparable to those from other regions of the globe, they often have their own distinctive twist or taste profile that sets them apart from the competition. Check out our blog section if you want to learn more about Mediterranean cooking or need travel inspiration before you go to one of these nations.
Yes, pasta is a healthy choice on a mediterranean diet. Traditional pasta is made from durum wheat semolina, which is low in fat. Eat it in moderation (about 1/2 cup per serving), and don't load up on cream sauces or cheese!