These are, without a doubt, the quintessential Doctor Who enemies. They have been with the show the longest, and few other images (the TARDIS, perhaps) elicit a stronger visual response and connection to the Doctor Who world than these armor-clad beings. Unlike their appearance and voice might first suggest, these creatures are not robots. They may resemble a large Astromech droid with plungers attached to its body, but they are far more devious.
Daleks are, in fact, heavily-mutated versions of their ancestral race, the Kaleds, a race of near-humans who inhabited the planet Skaro. With their mutations, the Dalek race more closely resemble octopi or some other sort of cephalopod. They ride around, encased in their battle armor, and do battle with nearly every creature they find. Unlike many of the Doctor Who enemies, who appear once or maybe a small handful of time in the series, the Daleks just keep coming back.