Network virtualization pdf

Subnet mask table

Subnet Mask Table


When it comes to networking, understanding subnets is essential. It becomes easier to allocate IP addresses to all devices connected to a network with a proper understanding of subnetting. IP addresses consist of two parts: one is the network address, and the other is the host address.
To distribute IP addresses in a network, the subnet mask plays an essential role. Subnetting allows segregation of devices into virtual networks based on a particular criteria or protocol. So, it becomes vital to have a subnet mask table to simplify the process.
The subnet mask table is a method to configure the subnet mask for various I.P ranges. It helps in simplifying the process of classifying devices into subnets. A comprehensive subnet mask table mentions each subnet mask and the total number of host addresses that can be accommodated under each subnet mask.
With a subnet mask table, a network administrator can easily differentiate the network and host portions of any IP address according to the assigned subnet. For instance, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 allows for 256 host addresses.
Moreover, the subnet mask table helps in identifying whether two devices can communicate with each other or not. If two devices are on the same subnet, they can communicate with each other directly. On the other hand, if they are on different subnets, then they need to go through a router for communication.
To summarize, a subnet mask table helps in effectively allocating IP addresses to devices connected to a network. It simplifies the process of subnetting and classification of devices into virtual networks. With a subnet mask table, a network administrator can easily identify the network and the host portions of any IP address according to the assigned subnet.

Router security —

Router security is of utmost importance for every internet user. Routers are the devices that connect our home or workplace computers to the internet, making them the gateway to our online security. Hackers are constantly trying to exploit router security vulnerabilities by using various hacking techniques. Router vendors often roll out new firmware updates to patch security vulnerabilities. But many users don't update their routers, leaving the door open for hackers to compromise their network.


A strong and complex router password is the first line of defense for router security. Using common words, pet names, and predictable passwords increases the risk of router attacks. Changing the default router login credentials provided by the vendor is also essential to make it harder for hackers to gain access. Disabling remote management of the router can prevent attackers from accessing the router settings.


It is essential to set up a separate guest network for your visitors to connect to. This network should be completely isolated from your main network, reducing the risk of unauthorized access to your devices. Strong WPA2 encryption for Wi-Fi is essential to secure your network.


One of the most critical components of router security is keeping firmwares up-to-date. Router vendors often release security updates to address new threats and vulnerabilities. These patches also help mitigate security weakness discovered in previous versions. Routinely checking and updating your router's firmware is an essential component of router security.


In conclusion, relying entirely on your router vendor for security updates is not sufficient to defend against routers' security threats. Users play a significant role in maintaining their router security to safeguard themselves and their organizational systems from the potential dangers of hackers.

Wireless interference channel

Wireless Interference Channels: What You Need to Know


In today's world, wireless communication has become an integral part of our daily lives. We use wireless Internet, mobile phones, and other wireless devices to stay connected with our friends and loved ones, as well as getting our work done. However, what most people don't realize is that these devices are all connected through a digital network that is prone to “interference”.
Wireless interference happens when multiple devices use the same frequency to transmit or receive information at the same time, leading to slow performance or a complete loss of signal. This interference can come from a variety of sources, such as other wireless devices, radio signals, microwave ovens, or even physical obstacles like buildings, trees or hills.
Wireless interference channels are similar in concept to a radio station where a number of radio signals are received at the same time. To reduce this interference, wireless networks use different techniques, such as frequency hopping, channel bonding, or power control, to improve the network's performance.
Frequency hopping is a technique where the devices move between frequencies in the available band, while in channel bonding a device can use a combination of channels to decrease data loss. Power control, on the other hand, can adjust the signal strength to maintain a stable communication link.
Wireless interference channels can be a major problem for wireless communication, but with the right techniques and technology, you can still enjoy fast and reliable wireless communication. Contacting a professional to optimize your wireless network can help you avoid any interference issues and enjoy uninterrupted communication.
Wireless interference channel

Network security ppt

Network Security – Protect Yourself and Your Business
Network security is a crucial aspect of keeping your business safe. In today's digital age, everything is connected, and that means that your network is constantly at risk. The rise of cybercrime has made it more important than ever to secure your network and prevent unauthorized access to your sensitive data.
A network security ppt can help you understand the importance of network security and how you can protect yourself and your business from potential threats. It can educate you on different types of threats, such as malware, phishing attacks, and hacking attempts, and provide you with a comprehensive overview of network security solutions.
A well-designed network security system can protect your company's data from prying eyes and prevent unauthorized access to your network. It can detect potential threats and take proactive measures to prevent any attacks before they happen. A network security ppt presentation can show you how to establish an effective security plan that will keep your business safe.
In conclusion, network security is a critical aspect of modern business. By understanding the importance of network security and implementing an effective security plan, you can protect your business from potential threats and keep your data safe. A network security ppt can help you understand the complexity of network security and how to implement effective measures to keep your network safe. Protect yourself and your business now!

Router administration

Router Administration
Router administration is the process of configuring, managing, and maintaining a router network. A router is a device that forwards data packets between networks, and it plays a critical role in connecting devices to the internet. Proper router administration is essential for maintaining a stable and secure network.
To properly administer a router, one must have access to its configuration page. This can usually be accessed by entering the router's IP address into a web browser. Once logged in, the router administrator can configure settings such as network name and password, port forwarding, and parental controls.
It is important to keep the router firmware up to date to ensure that known security issues are patched. Router administrators should also change the default login credentials to prevent unauthorized access.
In addition to basic settings, router administrators can configure advanced settings such as Quality of Service (QoS) to prioritize network traffic and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to connect to remote networks securely.
Router administration also involves monitoring the network for any issues or potential security threats. This can be done through regular network scans and by configuring firewalls on the router.
In conclusion, router administration is an essential part of maintaining a stable and secure network. By properly configuring, managing, and monitoring a router, administrators can ensure that devices are connected to the internet safely and efficiently.
Router administration

Network discovery

Network Discovery


Are you tired of feeling like a network nobody? Do people constantly walk past your cubicle without giving you so much as a nod? Fear not, because network discovery will give you the chance to finally show your worth.
In layman's terms, network discovery is the process of mapping out the devices on a network. Think of it like a treasure map. Only the treasure, in this case, is information that can be used to optimize the network's performance, reduce downtime, and identify potential security threats.
Now, you may be asking yourself, "What does that have to do with me?" Well, my friend, everything. By having a comprehensive understanding of the devices on your network, you can better manage them. You can ensure that they are properly maintained, updated, and secured. You can even identify devices that may be unnecessary and remove them, freeing up valuable resources.
But how does one go about discovering their network? There are several tools available, both free and paid, that can help you map out your network. Some tools even offer advanced features such as visual representations of the network topology and real-time monitoring of device status.
The bottom line is, network discovery is an essential tool for any IT professional. It can save you time, money, and headaches in the long run. So, if you want to be the talk of the water cooler, start mapping out your network today. Who knows, you may even get a promotion out of it.

Port forwarding setup

Port Forwarding Setup: A Beginner's Guide


Are you struggling to set up port forwarding for your network? Don't worry, you're not alone! Many people find this process confusing and intimidating, but with a little bit of guidance, it's actually much simpler than you might think.
Port forwarding is the process of forwarding internet traffic from one port on your router to another port on a specific device in your network. This allows outside devices to connect to a specific service or application on that device, even if it's behind a firewall.
Here's a step-by-step guide on how to set up port forwarding on your router:
1. Login to your router's web-based interface.
2. Navigate to the port forwarding section (this may be different depending on your router model).
3. Enter the IP address and port number of the device you want to forward traffic to.
4. Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) and choose a nickname for the entry.
5. Save your changes and exit the interface.
It's important to note that different devices may require different port numbers. For example, if you want to access a web server on your network, you would need to forward port 80 (HTTP) or port 443 (HTTPS). On the other hand, if you want to host a game server, you would need to forward a different port depending on the game. You can find this information in the documentation for the specific application or device.
In conclusion, port forwarding setup is essential if you want to access certain applications or services on your network from outside devices. It may seem daunting at first, but with a little bit of patience and guidance, you can easily set it up on your router. Happy port forwarding!