52 AMERICANWAY
FEBRUARY 1 2008
D E S I G N S O N N A T U R E
STAYCLEAN
LIKEALOTUS
PLANT.
AUniversity of Bonn re-
searcherwas intrigued
by theway lotus leaves
stay cleanwithout
the use of detergents.
Upon investigating, he
found that the plant’s
leaves have nanoscale
mountains:When dirt
particles fall on the
lotus, they teeter on
these nanopeaks until
they’rewashed away by
wind or rain. Building
on this idea, aGerman
company, StoAG, found
away to formulate
a self-cleaningpaint,
Lotusan. The lotus idea
has led to approximately
200pendingpatents
for items such as paints
thatwill keepbarnacles
from sticking to ship
hulls, self-cleaning roof
shingles, and even a fab-
ric sowaterproof that
it can be submerged for
24 hourswithout get-
tingwaterlogged.
STICKLIKE
AGECKO.
Geckos can climb up
almost any surface at
any angle. They do this
with the aid of billions
of fine, spatula-shaped
hairs called setae, which
create amolecular at-
traction between the
soles of their feet and
whatever surface they
happen to be crossing.
Researchers at theUni-
versity ofManchester in
England used a scanning
electronmicroscope to
create a plasticmold of
these hairs. The result?
Gecko tape, which is
now close tomarket and
could revolutionize how
we stick things together
—meaningwithout the
usually toxic chemical
adhesives. “It’s even
theoretically possible to
haveSpider-Man kind
of stuffmadewith this,”
saysMarcWeissburg of
GeorgiaTech. “There’s
physically no reason it
couldn’t support the
weight of a human.”
MAKECOLOR
LIKEA
BUTTERFLY
ANDA
PEACOCK.
Those brilliant hueswe
so admire in peacocks
andbutterflies don’t
come frompigment (the
only pigment in peacock
feathers is brown).
Rather, the birds— and
butterflies, too— cre-
ate a riot of color by
refracting light through
millions of repeating
structures or scales
that bend light tomake
certain colors. Teijin
Limited of Japan has
created a luxury fabric
calledMorphotex based
on thewings of the
SouthAmericanmorpho
butterfly. The fabric
requires no dyes, one
of themajor pollutants
releasedby the textile
industry. Teijin also has
applied the technology
to paints and cosmetics.
Using a similar idea,
Qualcomm is developing
Successful
Solutions
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ABOUTYOURCAREER
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INCResearch is a therapeutically focused contract research organizationwith a trusted
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