cu'jfsf] OdfGbfl/tf -;Rrl/qtf_
k|yd – r/0f – Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf
kl/ro M
	!=	Ps c;n cu'jfdf x'g' kg]{ w]/} u'0fx? 5g\ . xfdLx? dWo] sltn] To:tf k|sf/sf u'0f jf Ifdtfx? k|fKt u/]sf 5f} . h:t} M–
s=	ljz]if ;[hgzLn ;Lk
v=	jf}l4s Ifdtf -ks8_
u=	Joj:yfklso Ifdtf
3=	cudjf0fL bz{g -b"/bz{g_
ª=	cfs{ifs JolQmTj
r=	cflTdsL pT;fx
5=	clålto j/bfgx?

	xfdL s;}n] klg oL dfly pNn]v u/LPsf ;j} j/bfgx? kfPsf 5}gf}+ . t/ k|fo h;f] w]/}dflg;x?n] cu'jfx?df 7"nf 7"nf / b]lvg] k|sf/sf u'0fx? x]b{5g\ . t/ cfh d tkfO{n] To:tf s]xL gb]lvg] k|sf/sf s'/x? jf/] jtfpF5' . s'g} klg txsf] ;Lk jf ultlzn zlQmn] ltgLx?sf] k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . 

@=	cu'jfkgsf] ;]jsfO{sf] /x:o s] xf] < egL cu'jfx?åf/f dnfO{ k6s k6s k|Zg ug]{ u/LG5 . pbfx/0f M– dfgf} k|fy{gf / wd}zf:qx?sf] jrg cWoogdf ljtfPsf] æ;doÆ -306f_ g} To;sf] ;kmntfsf] /x:o xf] ls .jf:tjdf oL ;j} s'/fx? dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ t/ dnfO{ s] nfU5 eg] Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf eGbf 7"nf] c? j9\tf s]xL x'g ;Sb}g  of] To:tf] Åbo ;+u ;/f]sf/ /fVb5 h;n] k|fy{gf u5{ / k/d]Zj/jrg k|rf/ u5{ .

·	h'g ;'s} cu'jfO{nfO{ klg dxTjk"0f{ s'/f Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf jf ;t\rl/qtf xf] .

#=	o; kf7n] xfdLnfO{ sof}+ k6s k'/fgf] lgoddf ePsf] Pp6f ljrf/sf] kl/ro lbG5 .
					
											!

	kf7 
pTklQ @)M!–^
!=	cfwf/e"t l;4fGt
	s]xL lj4fgx?n] o; l;4fGtnfO{ klxnf] k|of]usf] lgod÷Joj:yf eGgL eg]sf 5g\ . k|yd k6s afOandf o; ljrf/sf] k|fb'{efj x'G5, o;n] ;Dk"0f{ jrg e/Lg} To; ljrf/ s;/L k|of]u x'G5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ k|i6 kfb{5 .

oL ljrf/x? pNn]v u/LPsf s]xL sygx?nfO{ x]/f}+ .
s=	lhj|f]sf] OdfGbf/Ltf
v=	lbdfu jf ;demsf] ;Totf 
u=	:jo+df OdfGbf/Ltf
3=	Åbo h;n] e/f];fnfO{ eË ub}{g .

oL ;j} k|f0ffnL leqsf cu'jfnfO{ e/f];f /fVg ;lsG5 . Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf jfSofz+ xf] h:n] oL ;Dk"0f{s'/fx?nfO{ Pp6} kf]sf leq ;d]6\5 .

o;/L ljZjf;of]Uo dflg;n] eË u/]sf] cj:yfdf xfdLnfO{ Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf l;sfOPsf] h'g o; syfsf] rfv nfUbf] s'/f xf] .
	t/ j]wdL{ /fhfn] OdfGbf/Ltf jf ;t\rl/qtf bzf{{Psf lyP . oxfF kf7 Psbd} :ki6 5 M
	d Psbd 7"nf] k|sfz tyf cGtb[li6 gePsf] JolQm x'g ;S5' .
	t/ olb d}n] k/d]Zj/n] dnfO{ b]vfpg' ePsf] jf6f] lx8] eg]
	d OdfGbf/ JolQm eg] d jGg ;S5' .

k/d]Zj/n] xfdLnfO{ ljleGg pkfox?jf6 s'/fx? b]vfpg' x'G5 M–
s=	pxfFsf] jrgdf 
v=	ljleGg kl/l:yltx?åf/f
u=	JolQmut tj/n] pxfsf] cfTdfn] xfd|f] Åbodf jftlrt u/]/ .
3=	pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ bf]ifL 7x/fpg'x'G5 .
ª=	pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ ;~rfpg'x'G5 .

											@

s=	caLd]n]s;+u afOandf ;t\rl/qtf jf OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ Åbosf] Ps efusf] ?kdf jofg u/LPsf] 5 . k/d]Zj/ dflg;x?;+u ltgLx?n] gj'em]sf s'/fx?sf] cfwf/df jf]Ng jf jftlrt ug{ cfpg'x'G5 .
	Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] oL b'O{ s'/fx?;+u k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVt5 M–
ToxfF hlxn] klg d hflGbg cyjf d j'‰bLg eGg] s'/fx? x'G5g\ . oL d}n] ghfg]sf jf gj'em]sf s'/fx?sf] ;fdgf ug{ k/d]Zj/n] dnfO{ ;xfotf ug'{x'G5 .

@=	ToxfF d}n] j'em]sf s'/fx? x'G5g . olb d}n] tL s'/fx? eË u/] eg] k/d]Zj/   		cfpmg'x'G5= / tL s'/fx?df dnfO{ ;'wf/ klg ug'{x'Gg .

	of] Psbd} 8/nfUbf] ;do xf] .

v=	o; l;4fGtsf] k|sfz / k/d]Zj/sf] k|ltTo'Q/ -^ kbdf_
	sxfF xfd|f c1fgtfn] j'l4sf] sldsf sf/0f c1fg c;kmntf k}bf u5{ eGg] s'/f 		k/d]Zj/n] w}o{tfsf ;fy j'‰g' x'G5 .

k/d]Zj/n] eGg' eof] æd oxfF tFnfO{ /f]Sg cfPsf] sf/0f tF t]/f] 1fg ljgf jf t]/f] ;demsf] ;xdlt lagf t of] ub}5;\ .Æ

u=	ljjfb M– o;sf] 7Ls pN6f jf ljk/Lt s'/f rfxL o; ;f]rdf ;dfj]z 5 . k/d]Zj/n] xfdLnfO{ xfd|f] ;kemsf] Hof]tLdf lx8\gsf] lglDt hjfkmb]xL jgfpg' x'G5 .

pbfx/0f M– uNtL  u/L/fv]sf] Ps cu'jfsf] pbfx/0f, csf]{ cfly{s clgoldttf u/L/x]sf] / cem csf]{ rflxF cg}lts ;DaGw /fv]sf] JolQm / ltgLx? k|To]sn] cfˆgf] 36gfdf k/d]Zj/Lo ;xgzLntf jf ckjfbsf] cg'ej u/L/x]sf x'G5g\ lsg <

!=	lsgeg] hj jfXo ?kdf g} OdfGbf/Lt eË u/LPsf] x'G5, To;nfO{ Gofo x'g'kg]{ 		lbg geP ;Dd k/d]Zj/n] x:tIf]k ug'{x'Gg . k/d]Zj/n] r]tfjgL÷lgb]{zg jf 		;Rrfpg' dfq x'G5 hxfF JolQmsf] pxfFsf] efu{df lx8\g] ltvf{ jf vf]hLsf] sf/0fn] 		pxfFsf] x:tIf]knfO{ cg'dlt lbG5 . 

											#

@=	o;sf] ;f/ – d}n] s] u/L/x]sf] 5' dnfO{ yfxf gePsf] j]nfdf k/d]Zj/n] dnfO{ 		eg]sf s'/fx? k|lt tTsfn k|ltls|of hgfpg' k5{ .
	o; sygn] o;nfO{ gf6lso 9+un] :ki6 kf5{ ls cu'jfsf] hLjgdf Åbosf] 		OdfGbf/Ltf eGbf 7"nf] ;DefJo csf]{ 7"nf] u'0f jf d"No 5}g .

@=	Ps ultlzn÷rnfodfg jrg
	ehg;+u|x @%M@),@!

·	o; OdfGbf/Ltf jf ;t\rl/qtf zJbsf] cWoogn] o;nfO{ s;/L sfod 
	/fVg' k5{ eGg] s'/f lrGgnfO{ ;xfotf k'¥ofpF5 .

s=	k'/fgf] lgod M– "thom" – æk"0f{tf jf kfl/k"0f{ ljrf/ .Æ

b[i6fGt M– ul0ftdf leGgsf] pN§f (fraction) xfdL k"0f{ eGb5f} .
!=	Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltfn] Åbosf] To:tf] :jefjnfO{ jtfpF5 h;n] k"0f{jf6 		6's|f ug]{ jf tf:g]s'/fnfO{ OGsf/ ub{5 .

@=	k/d]Zj/ / cfkm};+u OdfGbf/Ltf, dflglnO{sf] ;'Id devnation åf/f .

of] s;/L u/LG5 M– -o'lQm;+ut jg]/_
;f]rljrf/ u/]/ (Rationalizing) M– ;xdltsf] lglDt :jo+dnfO{ dfkmL lbP/ . 
:jk'li6 u/]/ M– d]/f] sf/0f 36gf ckjfb jg]sf] 5 / k/d]Zj/n] d]/f] ;xdltnfO{ uDeL/ x'g'x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb u/]/ .

v=	Jojxf/Ls pbfx/0f
	!=	jftlrtdf cNdlnP/, OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ eË u/]/ . ælkªÆ (Ping) 
	@=	kljq cfTdfsf] lelq ;'wf/sf] lglDt ;Gtfk gb]p . Plkm;L $M#)

	Plkm;L $ sf] !&–#@ ;Dd x]g'{xf]; .
	·	k"0f{ ?kdf df}lvs z'4tf, :jefljs cl:t/tf, ;TonfO{ jUofpg OGsf/ 			ug'{, h'g;'s} klg k|sf/sf] sfdf]2LkgnfO{ OGsf/ ug'{, cIfdzLnnfO{ OGsf/ u/ . 			z}tfgnfO{ slxNo} df}sf gb]cf] . -kb @&_
											$

#=	l;4fGt k|lt ultlzn cf1fsf/Ltf
	s=	bfpb, k/d]Zj/sf] Åbo kl5sf] dflg; -Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] pbfx/0f_ 			bfpbsf egfO{x?nfO{ ;'gf} M–

!=	æx] k|e' dnfO{ dfu{ l;sfpg' xf];\, d tkfO{sf] ;Totfdf lx8\g] 5' . tkfO{sf] 		gfdsf] 	 8/ /fVg d]/f] dg Ps lrQsf] kfg''{xf];\ .Æ -egh;u|+x *^M!!_

gf]6 M b'O{ v'8\lsnfx?÷kfOnfx? M–
s=	d l;SgnfO{ of]Uosf] x'g]5 .
v=	d tkfO{n] b]vfpg' ePsf] dfu{df lx8\g tof/ / ;d{lkt x'g]5' .

glthf M– To;}n], k/dk|e', tkfO{n] d]/f] ÅbonfO{ Ps} 6's|fdf (Piece) /fVg ;Sg'x'G5 .

@=	æd]/f] k|f0fnfO{ /Iff ug'{xf];\, / dnfO{ 5'6\ofpg'xf];\, lsgls d tkfO{sf] z/0fdf k/]	sf] 5' . OdfGbf/L / ;f]emf]kgn] dnfO{ ;'/lIft /fv"g\, lsgeg] d tkfO{sf] jf6f]  x]b{5' .Æ -ehg;+u|x @%M@),@!_

v=	b[i6fGt M– bfpbsf] cu'jfO{kgsf] ;dodf O;|fonsf] ;Ldf j[xQ?kdf km}lnPsf] lyof] . ;Ldfgfsf] /]vb]v ug{ klg ;lsb}g lyof] . oxfF Pp6f k|Zg p7]sf] 5 M– d s;/L d]/f] /fHosf] ;'/Iff ug{ ;S5' < To;}n] pgn] of] k|fy{gf u/] ætkfO{ k/d]Zj/n] dnfO{ /Iff ug}{ k5{ .Æ

o; l;4fGt gdfGbf ePsf] b'vb If0f M–

s=	;'n]dfgsf] z'?sf] k|fy{gfnfO{ ;+emg'xf];\ M– æo;} sf/0f cj x] k/dk|e' O;|fonsf k/d]Zj/ cfˆgf] bf; bfpb d]/f lktf;+u ug'{ ePsf] of] k|lt1f k"/f ug'{xf];\ .Æ -! /fhf *M@%_

o; ;DaGwdf k/d]Zj/sf] k|ltTo'Q/ M– -! /fhf (M#–% s_ æt}n] dnfO{ r9fPsf] k|fy{gf / ch{ljlGt d}n] ;'g] . ;w} e/L e/L gfd /fVgnfO{ t}n] agfPsf] o; ejgnfO{ d}n] kljq kf/]sf] 5', cf} d]/f] gh/ d]/f] Åbo To;df ;w} e/Lg} /lx/g] 5 . tF rflxF OdfGbf/L / ;f]emf]kgfdf d}n] cf1f u/]sf ;j} s'/f kfng ub}{ d]/f] b[li6df t]/f lktf bfpb em} lxl8;\ eg], d t]/f] zf;g :yfkgf ug]{5' .Æ
											%

	v=	bfpmbn] ;fdgf u/] h:t} ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ s'/fdf ;'n]dfgsf] 				dfu{df 	 :ki6 e]bv]Vg ;lsG5 .									
	!=	s'6g}lts ;dfwfgsf] lglDt ;'n]dfgsf] 5gf}6 M– ;Demf}tf
	@=	x/]s ;lGw;+u} /fhg}lts jGwgnfO{ nfndf]x/ nufpg gofF /fhs'df/sf]] 				pbo x'G5 .
		JolQmut jf Joj;flos ;'/Iff k|bfg ug]{ cfzfn] oL ;lGwx?åf/f NofOPsf oL 			;Dk"0f{ 	d"lt{x?n] o]?zn]d zx/ e/LPsf lyP .
	#=	w/0ff M– æxfdL ;j}g} 3/ jgfpg]x? xf} .Æ xfdLx? kl/jf/, d08nL ;d'bfo 			tyf ;]jsfOsf] lgdf{0f u/L/x]sf 5f} .
	$=	To; 3/ d08nL ;]jsfO{sf] ;fFrf] (Key) rflxF Åbosf] OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ 				l6sfp kfg{ xfd|f OR5fx?n] df]x/LPsf 5g\ .
	%=	cf1fsf/Ltfsf] lglDt dfu{
		s=	d]/f] cfZr{osf] cGj]if0f s] 5 eg] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] jx'jrg ?k rflxF 				t'lDdd -k"0f{tf_ xf] . k/d]Zj/n] xfd|f] Åbo OdfGbf/Ltfsf] ;Gt'ngsf] 				lrqsf] lbg'ePsf] b]vfpg' ePssf] 5 .

!=	k|wfg k'hfxf/Lsf] 5ftL kftf M– p/Ld (Urim) t'DdLd (thummim) of] s] jf6 		jgfOG5 egL :ki6 s'/f s;}nfO{ klg yfxf 5}g t/ of] slxn] / s;/L o;nfO{ lng] 		eGg] s'/f xfdL hfGb5f} .
	s=	k|:yfg @*M#) æt}n] Gofosf] 5ftL kftfdf p/Ld / t'DdLd /fVg' -pbfx/0f 			M O{Zj/Lo lgb]{zg jdf]lhd Gofo ug{ ;lsof];\_ / ltgLx? rflxF xf?gsf] 				Åbodf x'g'kg]{ 5 .Æ
	v=	pbfx/0f z'4 k'hfxf/Ldgsf] t[;{gf M– æpm/Ld / t'DdLdsf] ;Nnfx lng] s'g} 			Ps hgf k"hfxf/L v8f gxf]p~h]n kv{g' ========= .Æ 
						-gx]Dofx &M^%, Ph|f @M^#_ 

@=of] s;/L u/LG5 M– o;sf] pQ/ Rabbinical n]vx?n] lbPsf 5g\ M– ltgLx?n] 		kbf{ ;fd'Gg] pleP/ eGg' kg]{ 5, æk/dk|e' O;|;onn] s] ug'{ kg]{ xf] ;f] xfdLnfO{ b]vfpg'xf];\ .Æ

											^

;dfkg
	h'g;'s} cj:yf ePtf klg Pp6f cu'jfsf[] Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] dd{t ;+Def/sf] dxTjsf] :ki6 lrq0f u/LPsf] 5 .olb xfdLn] Åbosf] t'lDddnfO{ OdfGbf/Ltfk"j{s kfngf u¥of} eg] xfdL k|efjsf/Ltfdf rNg] 5f} . /fHosf ;Ldfgfx? j9fpg ;lsG5 . ;]jsfO{x? k|efjsf/L jGg'sf ;fy} ltgsf l;dfgfx? cflzifx?åf/f ;'/lIft x'G5g\ / Åbosf]OdfGbf/Ltfåf/f ;]jsfO{ jlnof] eO{ v8f x'G5 .

;fd"lxs 5nkmn
!=	;]jsfO{df c;n cu'jf 5fGg jf lglZro ug{sf] lglDt xfdLn] x]/]sf 3]/} u'0fx? 		jf/] 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ .
@=	oL c;n u'0fx? Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf ;+u s;/L ;DaG4 x'G5g\ <
#=	hj xfdL OdfGbf/Ltfsf] ljifodf ljjfbdf kb{5f} eg] To; cj:yfdf oL b'O{kf7x?nfO{ 		s;/L  k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 <
	s=	xfdLn] ghfg]sf jf gj'em]sf s'/fx?sf] ;fdgf ug'kbf{ .
	v=	xfdLn] hfg]sf jf j'em]sf s'/fx?sf] pN3ªg ubf{ .

$=	Ps bf]>fsf] lglDt / b]ze/Lsf O{zfO{ cu'jfx?sf lglDt k|fy{gf ug'{xf];\ kljq 		cfTdfn] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] ;fy Åbosf] ;'/Iff u/Lb]pm .			

										

:jcWoog
!= 	afOandf k|ydt pNnl]vt Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf jf6 tkfO{ s] kf7 l;Sg 		;Sg'x'G5 <
@=	æÅbosf] OdfGbf/LtfÆ eGg] jfSof+zn] s] ljrf/ j'emfpF5 <
#=	k/d]Zj/n] s;/L pxfFsf] cfTdf xfdLdf k|s6 u/fpg' x'G5 <
$=	hj k/d]Zj/n] pxfFsf] rfxgf tkfO{df k|s6 u/fpg' x'bfF pxfFn] tkfO{jf6 s] 		cfzf 	ug{'eof] <
%=	o;nfO{ s;/L b[li6flGtt ug{ ;lsG5 jofg ug'{xf];\ M–
	s=	bfpbsf] hLjgdf -ehg;+u|x @%M@),@!_
	v=	k|wfg k'hfxf/Lsf] 5ftLkftf ;DaGwdf -k|:yfg @*M#), gx]Dofx &M^%, 			Ph|f @M^#_

											*

cu'jfsf] OdfGbf/Ltf 
r/0f – @ IfdfzLn cfTdf
kl/ro M 
 	xfdLn] ut r/0fdf Åbosf] OdfGbf/Ltf jf/]df l;Sof} . k/d]Zj/tkm{sf] :j:Yotfdf Åbo ;f3'/Lg ;Sg] pkfo jf/] xfdLn] s'/f u¥of} . 7"nf] b"vb 36gf g36] ;Dd s;/L Åbo Psk6sdf yf]/} yf]/} u/L 7lug ;S5 . Åbosf] cfs|d0fdf (invasion) :yL/ /x]/ g} Åbosf] OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsG5 . of] cfs|d0f c? 6f9fsf /fHox?n] Ps k6sdf yf]/} yf]/} hldg sJhf u/] h:t} o;n] klg Åbosf] ;fgf] ;fgf] efu sJhf ub}{ hfG5 .

	cj xfdL OdfGbf/Ltfsf] csf]{ d'Vo 36gfjf/] x]g{ rfxG5f} . cj of] Åbo cfs|d0f x'g]s'/f xf]Og t/ of] ;+s|fds jGg] s'/f xf] . o;n] rflxF cu'jf / Ifdf lbg] cfTdf ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/ /fV5 .

	Ifdfbfgsf] k|fylds ljrf/ jGwgjf6 d'Qm ug'{ jf hfg lbg' eGg] xf] . hj xfdL k/dk|e'jf6 Ifdf lbOPsf x'G5f}, tj xfdL kfkaf6 d'Qm kfl/Psf x'G5f} . xfd|f] cgGt d[To'sf] jGwgjf6 xfdL 5'6\sf/f kfPsf x'G5f} . To;}n]\ cj xfdL j'‰5f} ls s;/L Ifdfbfg rfxL jGwgjf6 d'Qm x'g] s'/fdf k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fV5 . t/ afOann] xfdLnfO{ IfdfzLn cfTdfsf] jf/]df l;sfpF5 . of] eg]sf] jGwgsf] d'lQmsf] cfTdf leq /x]sf] hLjgnfO{ cg'ej ug'{ xf] . hj xfd|f Åbo tyf xftx? k/d]Zj/ / c?x? k|lt :jtGq :jefjdf v'Nnf x'G5g\ . To;}n] xfd|f xftx? /L; tyf tLtf]kgsf ljjfbx?åf/f el/Psf x'b}g\ . dfgf} ls s'g} dflg; hfb} u/]sf] ofqfdf cgfjZos ;fdfg jf]s]/ lx8] h:tf] .

	:jtGqtfsf] ;]jsfO{df 5'6\sf/ rflxF cu'jfsf] Åbodf lgoGq0f ug]{ jGwgjf6 5'6\sf/fsf] cfTdfdf lge{/ /xG5 .

jrg ;+If]k
kf7 M dQL !*M@!–#%
											(

	

!=	kf7sf] JofVof 
s=	Ps OdfGbf/ ;f]wvf]h jf vf]hL sfo{ M–
	kq';sf] k|Zgn] pgn] ljzjf; u/]sf] kb pgsf] ;dodf lbOPsf] l;sfO eGbf cl3 jl9;s]sf] lyof] . cfdf]; !M#,^,(,!!,!* -o:t} c? bf]>f] cWofo_ df pNn]v u/LPsf kf7sf cfwf/df l;sfOPsf] lyof] . o]z'sf] ;dosf VjLx?nfO{ l;sfOPsf] lyof]  ls k/d]Zj/ :jo+dn] tLg k6s dfq Ifdf ug'{x'G5 . 
							
	t/ k/dk|e'n] kq';nfO{ e'Gg' eof] , cxF xf]Og Û t/ ;ftsf] ;Q/L u'0ff ;Dd xf] . o]z'n] h] elg/xg' ePsf] lyof] Tof] $() k6s ;Dd eGg] xf]Og ls t/ cglulGt Ifdfbfgsf] s'/f ug'{ePsf] xf] . -! sf] !#M$–&_

v=	Ps gofF cfofd -kb @@,@# s_
	!=	o]z'n] l;ldt b[li6sf]0fnfO{ j[xQ dfq jgfpg' ePg, t/ pxfFn] o; 				l;sfO;+u} /fHosf] l;4fGtsf] dxTjnfO{      
		v=	/fHodf cf1f lbOPsf] 5 .
			o; kf7n] :ki6 ?kdf s] b]vfpF5 olb xfdLn] klg ;lx ?kdf 
			-u/]g}f	eg] k|ltls|of_ b]vfPgf} eg] o]z'n] sxfnL nfUbf] glthf xfd|f] 				;fd' b]vfOlbg' ePsf] 5 .
   ,
	#=	lk8f jf lrlRrxf6jf6 5'6\sf/f kfpg] eGg] s'/fsf] s] cy{ nfU5 <
		s=	To; Ifdf glbg] gf]s/ cfˆg} z'?sf] l:yltdf kms]{sf] lyPg .
		v=	ltgLsxfF tL C0f p7fpg]x?n] nuftf/ C0f km5f}{6sf] nfuL 					tfs]tf 	 lbg yfn] . -kb #$_
u=	kf7 
	!= ;j} s'/fdf Ifdf kfpg / d'lQm s] xf] eGg] s'/f yfxf kfpg ;Dej 5 .

	@=	olb xfdLn] xfdLnfO{ To; dxfg Ifdfbfg s;/L lbOPsf] lyof] eGg] s'/f 			lj;{G5f} / c?x? k|lt k"0f{ 5'6\sf/f / Ifdfbfgsf] cfTdfdf /xb}gf} eg] t To;} 			Ifdf glbOPsf] sf/0f xfd|f] Åbodf lk8f / si6 x'g]5g\ .

   											!)

	

#=	Ifdf glbg] cfTdfn] v';L,  cflTds zlQm / zf/Ll/s :jf:Yo u'dfpF5 jf 			6f9f eufpF5 .

	$=	cf}ifwL lj1fgn] s] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 eg] &)Ü dfgljo /f]ux? dfgj leq} 			ePsf /Ltf]kgf,s|f]w / IfdfglbPsf] sf/0fn] nfUb5 .

3=	Tof] Ifdfglbg] gf]s/ -@$–#$ kbdf_
	!=	r"sfpg} g;lsg] C0f -@% kbdf

@% kb M– To; dflg;sf] hLjgdf, kl/jf/df / eljZodf ;d]t x'g nfu]sf b'b{zfx? jf/]df ljrf/ ug'{xf];\ . p;sf] C0fn] p;sf] ;Dk"0f{ j/jfbLsf] eljZojf0fL u5{ / k/]Zj/sf] cg'u|x / v|Li6sf] Ifdfbfg eGbf jflx/sf] x/fPsf] xfd|f ;Dk"0f cj:yfx?sf] lrq0f ub{5 .
												
@^ kbdf lbOPsf] To; gf]s/sf] u'gf;f]nfO{ x]/f}+ . h;n] Psb}d c;Dej k|lt1fsf] k|:tfjnfO{ cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . hlt ;'s} ;do lbOPtf klg nfvf} 8n/sf] Tof] C0f ltg{ ;lsb}g lyof] . ;fjfsf] yf]/} yf]/} Jofh ;d]t lt/L /xg ;Sb}g lyof] .

@& kbdf To; dflg; -bf;_ sf] dflnssf] cg'sDkfnfO{ x]/f} . pgsf] :jefj To; ;do / clxn]sf] ;dfhdf slQ klg ldNb}g\, 7Ls ljk/Lt b]lvG5 . of] t C0fL k|lt b]vfOg] :jefljs k|ltls|of xf]Og\ . o]z'n] xfd|f] kfk / bf]ifsf] af]em / C0f k|lt lktfsf] ÅbonfO{ lrq0f ug{'ePsf] 5 .

@=	cljZjf;gLo k|ltTo'Q/ -kb @*–@(_
kTofpg} g;lsg] cr]tgzLn k|sf/n] To; C0fjf6 Ifdf lbOPsf] bf; lg:s]/ cfˆgf ;fyL gf]s/x? dWo] Ps hgf hf] C0fL lyof] p;sxfF uP/ C0f ltg{ s/ nufof] . -s[kof oxfF s] Wofg b]cf} eg] C0fn] rflxF dflns / bf;;+usf] ;DjGwdf s'g} ;/f]sf/ /fVb}g, of] t dfq b'O{ hgfsf] ljrdf lge{/ ug]{ s'/f xf] _ oxL g} o; kf7sf] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .

@* kbdf M– To; Ifdf kfPsf] gf]s/n] s:tf] Jojxf/ b]vfpF5 x]/f} M– p;n] C0fL ;fyL gf]s/nfO{ 3f]s|f]df c7\¥ofP/ 3'8f 6]sfof] . p;n] cfkm"n] IfdfkfPsf] s'/fdfq lj;]{g ls p csf]{ ;fyL gf]s/k|lt clt lgb{oL :jefjsf] eP/ Jojxf/ u¥of] .
											!!

@( kbdf M– bf]>f] gf]s/n] jf]n]sf zJbx? æo; klxnf] gf]s/ cfˆgf] dflnssf] ;fd'Gg] jf]n]sf zJbx? h:t} 5g\ . t/ cfZro{ s] 5 eg] p;n] cfˆg} cfjfhsf] k|ltWjlg h'g ;fyL gf]s/sf] cf]7jf6 lgl:s/x]sf] lyP To;nfO{ ;'Gg] ;d]t r]i6f u/]g .

#)=	kbdf M– ofb u/f} ls bf]>f] gf]s/n] JoQm u/]sf] æd ltg]{5' .Æ eGg] jfSofz Psbd hfoh lyof] . oL b'O{ k/Ll:yltx?df Psbd} 7"nf] leGgtfx? 5g\ . To; Ifdf gkfPsf] gf]s/sf] C0f yf]/} 5 / To;}n] p;n] w}o{tfsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . lsgsL pgn] ;do kfPdf ;f] C0f ltg{ ;SbYof] .

II.	s;/L Ifdf glbg] s'/f cu'jfsf] Åbodf k|j]z ub{5 t <
	lgoGq0fsf] cfTdf
s=	s|f]w jf cfs|f]zåf/f
												
·	s|f]lwt jf cfs|f]lzt jGg' dflg;x?nfO{ xfd|f] /L;sf] ‰ofnvfgf leq xfNg' xf] .

v=	k"jf{u|xL eP/ jf cfnf]rs jg]/
!=	æd]/f] ljrf/df Tof] JolQm unt 5 .Æ

@=	b'vb ?kdf o:tf :jefjx?n] v|Li6sf] z/L/ el/Psf] 5 . ltgLx?n] lhljt 		d08nLsf] k|efjsf/LtfnfO{ s'Fhf] t'Nofp5g\ . ltgLx?n] cu'jfx?sf] cflTdsL 		jnsf] vf]O/f] vGb5g\ . ltgLx?n] v|Li6sf] z/L/sf] efux? ljrdf ljefhg 		Nofp5 .

u=	d08nL z/L/df Ifdf glbg]x?sf] tgfj
	·	k/d]Zj/sf] :jefj

pxfFn] eGg' eof], æd}n] tFnfO{ ;j} s'/fdf Ifdf lbO;s]sf] 5' . d}n] tFnfO{ j'em]sf] 5' / tF k|lt bofn' ag]sf] 5' . d}n] t]/f] jf}n§Lkg -b]x:jefj_ hfg]sf] 5' . d t]/f] ;demsf] ck"0f{tf k|lt lw/hL 5' . t}n] j]j:tf u/]sf t/ c?x?nfO{ lrQ b'vfPsf s'/fx? k|lt d}n] tFnfO{ Ifdf u/]sf] 5' . d}n] tFnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf 5'6\sf/f lbPsf] 5' . d tFnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf :jtGq jGg cx\fpFb5' . h;n] t]/f] lrt b'vfpg] / rf]6 k'¥opg]x? k|lt lw/hL jg\ =====. 				!@

	

III.	cgGt k|of]hg
s=	dxfg ;Totf
	!=	æd tFnfO{ d]/f] /fHodf c? s'g} pkfox? åf/f rNg lbGg .Æ

	@=	æolb d}n] cGoyf u/] eg] d]/f] lktf l/;fpg' x'g]5 .Æ
	
	#=	æolb tkfO{ ;f]xL jdf]lhd lhpg' eof] eg] tkfO{ ckm}n] :jo+df ljkQL 8fSg' 			x'g]5 .Æ
	
v=	kf7
	!=	d t}n] klxnf u'dfPsf e"–efux? tFnfO{ lkmtf{ ug]{ 5}g\ .

	@=	Ifdf glbg] cfTdfsf] 3f]s|fO eg]sf] s] xf] tkfO{ ;f] cg'ej ug{ hfb} x'g'x'G5 .

	#=	o;n] ;]jsfOnfO{ nª\u8f] t'Nofpm5 .

	$=	o;n] cu'jfx?nfO{ jGwgdf /fVb5 .

	%=	o;n] ;j{;fw/0fnfO{ klg jGwgdf kf5{ .

u=	:jo+d cfkm}df ;f]Wg'xf];\ M–
	d s;/L c? ;]jsfOx? ;+u ;+DjlGwt x'g ;S5' <

									!#

;dfkg

Ifdfbfgeg]sf] xfdLn] dfyL x]/]sf s'/fx? x'g\ . km's'jf ;DaGw, d'lQmsf] / xfd|f] hLjgdf ePsf x/]s s'/fx?jf6 5'6\sf/f / h;/L xfdLn] Ifdf kfof} To;/L g} Ifdf lbbf v|Li6sf] z/L/sf] 5'6\sf/f .

;fd"lxs 5nkmn
!=	Ifdfbfgsf] cfwf/e"t ljrf/x? jf/] 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ / o; kf7df l;sfP h:t} 		o;n] s] ug'{ k5{ .
@=	s;/L o;n] k/d]Zj/sf] /fHo;+u ;DaGw /fVb5 <
#=	v|Li6sf] z/L/df cIoDozLn cfTdfsf] Wj+;fTds k|efjx? jf/] 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ .
$=	cwGojfbL gf]s/sf] b[i6fGtjf6 xfdLn] rL/ sflng ;do ;Dd l;Sg ;lsg] 			kf7x? s] s] x'g\ <
%=	s] tkfO{sf] hLjgdf s;} k|lt s|f]lwt jf k"jf{u|xL efjgf 5 <

	Ps csf]{ jf b'O{ ljZjf;Lx?sf] xft ;fdft]/ k|fy{gf ug'{xf];\ / tkfO{ Åbodf Ifdf lbg] cfTdfsf] lglDt k|fy{gf ug'{xf];\ / Ps bf]>fdf k"0f{?kn] km's'jf jGg'xf];\ .

:jcWoog
!=	dQL !*M@!–#% ;Dd cWoog u/L lgDg pNn]vLt k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M–
	s=	slt k6s ;Dd cfˆgf] lj?4df kfk ug]{ efO{nfO{ Ifdf ug{ ;S5g\ <
	v=	slt k6s ;Dd ug'{ elg k/dk|e'n] l;sfpg' eof] <
	u=	o;n] s] s'/fnfO{ O{lst u5{ <
	3=	cwGojfbL bf;sf] dflnsn] p;nfO{ s;/L Ifdf lbP <
	ª=	o; bf;n] cfkmgf] ;fyL gf]s/nfO{ s:tf] Jojxf/ u¥of] <

@=	o; b[i6fGtjf6 tkfO{nfO{ l;sfOPsf] Jojxf/Ls kf7 n]Vg'xf];\ .

#=	s] tkfO{sf] hLjgdf s;};+usf] ;+DaGw 6'6]sf] 5 < o; kf7df l;sfOPsf 			l;4fGtx?sf] k|of]u u/L, ;do ldnfP/ p;k|lt Ifdf / tkfO{ tkm{jf6 km's'jf 		JoQm ug'{x									
											!$

(=	olb cfˆgf] bz{gdf k/d]Zj/sf] lgufx k|fKt ug'{ 5 eg], xfdL;Fu s] x'g}k5{ <
	s=	k/d]Zj/sf] ;do
	v=	k/d]Zj/sf] /0flglt
	u=	 k/d]Zj/sf] bz{g
	3=	dflysf ;a}

!)=	8]le8 lzAn]sf cg';f/ bz{gsf] lglDt k/d]Zj/sf] k|aGw b]lvgsf lglDt s–		s:n] 	bzf+z xfNg' clgjfo{ 5g\ <
	s=	k|To]s laZjf;Ln]
	v=	k|To]s :ygLo d08nLn]
	u=	k|To]s kf:6/n]
	3=	dflysf ;a} 

												!!