# Lancaster County, Virginia Shoreline Structures 2015

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# Metadata:

- Identification_Information
- Data_Quality_Information
- Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
- Spatial_Reference_Information
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information
- Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator:
        Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
      Publication_Date: 20151231
      Title: Lancaster County, Virginia Shoreline Structures 2015
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  Description:
    Abstract:
      Shoreline Situation Reports (SSR) were first generated by VIMS in the 1970's to report the condition and status of the shore lands. The SSR series were published in hardcopy on a county by county basis for each Tidewater Virginia localities. The reports were intended to assist planners, managers, and regulators in decisions pertaining to management of coastal areas and natural resources therein. This Shoreline Inventory report continues a process which updates and expands the earlier reports. Data collected reports conditions surveyed in the immediate riparian zone, the bank, and along the shoreline. The last Shoreline Report for Lancaster County was published in 2001.
    Purpose: To inventory Virginia's tidal shoreline conditions.
    Supplemental_Information:
      There are four shapefiles that are part of the 2015 Lancaster County Shoreline Inventory database:Lancaster_lubc_2015, Lancaster_sstru_2015, Lancaster_astru_2015 and Lancaster_tm_2015. Lancaster_lubc_2015 (land use and bank cover for Lancaster County) is a linear shapefile containing data about land use, tree fringe, bank height, bank cover, bank stability and beach status along the shoreline. Lancaster_sstru_2015 (Lancaster Countyshoreline structures) is a linear shapefile delineating hard structures in place at the shoreline (bulkhead, dilapidated bulkhead, riprap, wharf, unconventional, debris, marina < 50 slips, marina > 50 slips, jetty, marsh toe revetment, groinfield and breakwaters). Lancaster_astru_2015 ( Lancaster County access structures) is a point shapefile with locations of docks, dilapidated docks, boathouses, and private and public boat ramps. Lancaster County_tm_2015 (Lancaster County tidal marshes) shows the location, size, species and type of tidal marshes. The attributes of these four shapefiles are explained in the Entity and Attribute Information section below.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20130101
        Ending_Date: 20150831
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.635669
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.278664
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.834508
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.604975
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword:
        Land use, Shoreline Inventory, Bank cover, Shoreline Stability, Bank Height, Beach, Access Structures, Shoreline Structures
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
      Theme_Keyword: boundaries
      Theme_Keyword: environment
      Theme_Keyword: location
      Theme_Keyword: structure
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword:
        Lancaster Creek, Rappahannock River, Corrotoman River, Fleets Bay, Dymer Creek, Indian Creek, Rappahannock Creek, Windmill Point
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints:
    The Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program (CCI) at VIMS performs a service by distributing data generated by either CCI or public agencies which offer data without restriction or charge. CCI assumes no responsibility for data accuracy or precision, metadata completeness or correctness for digital information. CCI assumes no liability for misuse of any data which may arise as a result of any alteration, conversion, or combination with other data sources. As well, the timeliness and scale of these products must be considered when evaluating appropriate use.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization:
          Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
        Contact_Person: Marcia Berman
      Contact_Position: Director of the Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address:
          Virginia Institute of Marine Science, P.O. Box 1346, 1375 Greate Rd
        City: Gloucester Point
        State_or_Province: Virginia
        Postal_Code: 23062
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (804) 684-7188
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: marcia@vims.edu
  Native_Data_Set_Environment:
    Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.0.4322

Data_Quality_Information:
  Logical_Consistency_Report: Arcs do not overlap.
  Completeness_Report:
    A new Lancaster County shoreline was generated using the 2013 VBMP imagery as a backdrop and using ArcGis version 10.1. This same imagery as well as Google Earth 2015 imagery was used to code shoreline structure attributes. All data is subject to Processor interpretation and clarity of imagery used.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        A shoreline for Lancaster County was created using the 2013 VBMP imagery as a backdrop and using ArcGis version 10.1. Using this as a baseline the shoreline inventory was remotely generated using two sources: Google Earth 2015 imagery , and 2013 high resolution imagery available through Bing Maps and 2013 high resolution imagery available from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). The shoreline was coded for land use, bank height, bank condition, bank cover and the presence or absence of beach, access structures and hardened structures.
      Process_Date: 20150130
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        The first and second step in the QAQC process involves complete checks of shoreline coding by a GIS Programmer/Analyst and a Marine Scientist.
      Process_Date: 20150531
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        All processing steps for the shoreline inventory were generated using ArcGIS - ArcMap v10.2.2 while viewing conditions observed in 2015 Bing high resolution oblique imagery and 2013 imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Using the latest VBMP 2013 imagery as a background, conditions visible on shore were used to code a digital shoreline created using VBMP 2013 imagery at a scale of 1:1000. Conditions were also verified using Bing Birds Eye, VBMP 2011, and VBMP 2009 imagery. For the land use/bank cover shapefile arcs were split and coded for land use, bank height, bank cover, tree fringe and presence or absence of beach, for the access structure shapefile arcs were coded for dock, dilapidated dock, boathouse, and public and private ramps, for the shoreline structure shapefile arcs were coded for bulkhead, delapidated bulkhead, riprap, unconventional, debris, wharf, breakwater, groinfield, jetty, marsh toe revetment and marina >50 and <50 slips.
      Process_Date: 20151231

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 5047

Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 18N
        Transverse_Mercator:
          Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
          False_Easting: 500000.0
          False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000000002220024164500956
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000000002220024164500956
        Planar_Distance_Units: meter
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: Lancaster_sstru_2015
      Entity_Type_Definition: Lancaster Shoreline Protection Structures
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Processor
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: FID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain:
          Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape
      Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Length_mi
      Attribute_Definition: Length in miles
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Processor
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain:
          Length of polyline measured in miles based on the UTM NAD83 Zone 18 projection.
      Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 20151231
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: STRUCTURE
      Attribute_Definition:
        Erosion control conditions at the shoreline: breakwater, bulkhead, dilapidated bulkhead, debris, groinfield, jetty, marina >50 slips, marina <50 slips, marsh toe revetment, riprap, unconventional and wharf.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Processor
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Bulkhead
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Bulkheads are traditionally treated wood or steel “walls” constructed to offer protection from wave attack. More recently, plastics are being used in the construction. Bulkheads are vertical structures built slightly seaward of the problem area and backfilled with suitable fill material. They function like a retaining wall, as they are designed to retain upland soil, and prevent erosion of the bank from impinging waves.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Breakwaters are structures that sit offshore and generally occur in a parallel series along the shore. Some breakwaters are attached to the land and are referred to as headland breakwaters. Their purpose is to attenuate and deflect incoming wave energy, protecting the fastland behind and between the structures.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Debris
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Debris represents nonconforming materials and rubble dumped along the shoreline in a haphazard manner. Debris can include tires, bricks, broken concrete rubble, and railroad ties as examples. The inventory maps Unconventional instead of Debris when the material is deliberately placed for shoreline protection in a manner similar to riprap, bulkhead, and other shoreline protection structures.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Dilapidated Bulkhead
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Dilapidated Bulkhead – A bulkhead which has failed due to deterioration from age or storm damage is called a dilapidated bulkhead. In many cases the structure may not be able to perform erosion control functions any longer.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Groinfield
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Groins are low profile structures that sit perpendicular to the shore. They can be constructed of rock, timber, or concrete. They are frequently set in a series known as a groinfield, which may extend along a stretch of shoreline for some distance. Unless only a single groin can be detected, this inventory does not delineate individual groins in a groinfield. The groinfield is mapped as one linear feature parallel to the shoreline running along the length of the groin series. When effective, groins will trap sediment moving alongshore.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Jetty
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Jetty is a structure generally constructed of stone which is perpendicular to the shoreline and generally located at the entrance of tidal creeks and tributaries or marina boat basins. The function of a jetty is to prevent sediment transported alongshore from accumulating in the inlet.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Marinas: < and > 50 slips
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Marinas are denoted as line features in this survey. The infrastructure associated with the marina (e.g. bulkheading, docks, wharfs, etc) are not digitized individually. However, if a boat ramp is noted it will be surveyed separately and coded as private. Marinas are generally commercial operations. However, smaller scale community docks offering slips and launches for residences are becoming more popular. To distinguish these facilities from commercial marinas, the user could check the riparian land use delineation. If “residential” the marina is most likely a community facility. The survey estimates the number of slips within the marina and classifies marinas as those with less than 50 slips and those with more than 50 slips.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Marsh Toe Revetment
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            aka Marsh sill) – A low revetment placed offshore from an existing marsh or new planted marsh is classified as marsh toe revetment. The structure may include tidal openings to allow for the easy exchange of free swimming organisms during tidal cycles. Marsh toe revetments are mapped as offshore linear features running along the length of the structure. Marsh toe revetments are distinguished from breakwaters by the linear placement and presence of a tidal marsh instead of a sand beach landward from the structure. The classification can include best professional judgment.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Riprap
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            aka Revetments) - Sloped structures constructed with large, heavy stone or other materials placed against the upland bank for erosion protection are classified as riprap. Riprap is mapped as a linear feature along the shoreline. Riprap is also used next to failing bulkheads (bulkhead toe revetments). The inventory maps only riprap when this type of structure is co-located with bulkheads. A similar structure is used to protect the edge of eroding marshes. This use is mapped as marsh toe revetment, not riprap.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconventional
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Unconventional features represent segments along the shore where alternative material has been deliberately placed for shoreline protection. Unconventional features may include unique materials placed in a similar manner as riprap or bulkheads, such as engineered pre-cast concrete products. It may also include unique placement or arrangement of conventional materials like riprap that does not fit other structure definitions. The inventory maps Debris instead of Unconventional when the material is haphazardly scattered and not providing any shoreline protection value.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Wharf
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
            Typically describes a shore parallel structure where boats are tied. In this inventory, Wharf is generally associated with large industrial, public or commercial facilities.
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
            Glossary of Shoreline Features Defined, Center for Coastal Resources Management, VIMS
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Erosion control structures at the shoreline.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Inv_Update
      Attribute_Definition: Inventory update
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Processor
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Text describing the imagery used to update this inventory.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20151231
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization:
          Comprehensive Coastal Inventory, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
        Contact_Person: Sharon Killeen
      Contact_Position: GIS Programmer/Analyst
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address:
          Virginia Institute of Marine Science, P.O. Box 1346, 1375 Greate Rd
        City: Gloucester Point
        State_or_Province: Virginia
        Postal_Code: 23062
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (804) 684-7534
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Use_Constraints:
    These data should not be used for jurisdictional permit determinations beyond providing general shoreline condition or status information. These data have not been surveyed to property boundaries.

Generated by `mp` version 2.9.12 on Tue Mar 01 10:32:11 2016