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    Instructions
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    <!-- INFORMATION AND CONSENT -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox">
        <p><strong>INFORMATION AND CONSENT</strong></p>

        <p><strong>Purpose of the study:</strong><br>
        This research investigates how people first learn the value of objects on their own, and then coordinate their actions with another person to make decisions.</p>

        <p><strong>Procedure:</strong><br>
        If you decide to participate, you will complete a computer task in which each trial has two parts:</p>
        <ul>
            <li>An <strong>individual phase</strong>, where you navigate PAC-MAN alone to learn the values of colored fruits.</li>
            <li>A second phase that is either a <strong>joint phase</strong> (you control one PAC-MAN together) or a <strong>parallel phase</strong> (you each control your own PAC-MAN at the same time).</li>
        </ul>

        <p>At the very beginning of the study (before any practice or main trials), you will be connected to your partner via an in-browser <strong>video call</strong>. This call will remain open throughout the task and will be <strong>recorded</strong> for research and quality control.</p>

        <p>If you do not consent to being recorded or cannot use your camera/microphone, please close your browser and return the study on Prolific.</p>

        <p>Your participation is voluntary. You may withdraw at any time by closing your browser and returning the study on Prolific.</p>

        <p>We record your keyboard responses and the video call during the task. All data are pseudonymized, direct identifiers are removed or blurred, and any publications or presentations will only use group-level data. Data are stored in accordance with GDPR and the platform’s data protection policies.</p>

        <p>Risks are comparable to normal computer use. No unpleasant sounds or images are involved.</p>

        <p>Your base pay for participating is £4, with an extra bonus up to £1.50 based on your performance in the task. This task takes around 25-30 minutes.</p>

        <p><strong>Lead researcher:</strong> Dr. Luke McEllin<br>
        <strong>Contact:</strong> mcellinl@ceu.edu<br>
        <strong>Institution:</strong> Central European University, Vienna – Department of Cognitive Science</p>

        <p>If you agree to all of the above, please continue to read the detailed instructions. If not, please close your browser and return the study on Prolific.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- IMPORTANT INFORMATION -->
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        <p><strong>IMPORTANT INFORMATION</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>The video call starts at the very beginning of the study, right after the instructions, and stays open for the whole experiment.</li>
            <li>The video call is <strong>recorded</strong> for research and quality control only.</li>
            <li>You must allow the study to access your <strong>camera, microphone, and speakers</strong>.</li>
            <li>A good video and audio connection is essential for this task - you will not be able to complete the task without it.</li>
            <li>We will ask you to talk to each other for a minute to test the video - if it does not work, you will be given a code to submit to recieve a partial payment for your time.</li>

            <li><strong>If you do not pass the audio/video partner check </strong> (i.e., you cannot reliably hear and/or see your partner), you will be given an <strong>audio fail code to submit on Prolific</strong>.
            </li>

            <li>There will be a <strong>comprehension check</strong> after this page.
                <strong>If you fail the comprehension check more than once, you must return the study on Prolific and you cannot continue.</strong>
            </li>

            <li><strong>If your partner becomes unresponsive for more than five minutes</strong> at any point (e.g., they disconnect and do not return), please close the study and return on Prolific.
                <strong>You will be paid according to your progress</strong> up to that point.
            </li>


            <li>Total duration of the full experiment is approximately <strong>25-30 minutes</strong>.</li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <!-- COMMUNICATION RULES -->
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        <p><strong>COMMUNICATION RULES</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>The video call is on from the start, but:
                <ul>
                    <li><strong>During the individual phase:</strong> you must <strong>not speak</strong> to your partner at all.</li>
                    <li><strong>During the joint phase:</strong> you <strong>may speak</strong>, but only to coordinate where to go and agree which fruit to collect.</li>
                    <li><strong>During the parallel phase:</strong> you must <strong>not speak</strong> to your partner at all (you each play individually).</li>
                    <li>You must <strong>not speak</strong> to your partner when estimating the values of the fruit.</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>All interactions must be <strong>respectful</strong>. Any abuse or inappropriate behaviour will be reported to Prolific.</li>
        </ul>
        <p>Recordings will be checked. Not following these rules may result in <strong>loss of bonus</strong> or <strong>exclusion from the study</strong>.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- OVERVIEW OF THE TASK -->
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        <p><strong>OVERVIEW OF THE TASK</strong></p>
        <p>You will complete <strong>18 trials</strong> in the main experiment.</p>
        <ul>
            <li>Each trial consists of two parts in order:
                <ul>
                    <li><strong>Individual phase → Second phase (Joint or Parallel)</strong>.</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>For every trial you first play alone, then immediately move on to the second phase of that same trial.</li>
            <li>After each phase, you will <strong>estimate the value</strong> of each fruit.</li>
        </ul>
        <p>The 18 trials are grouped into <strong>3 blocks of 6 trials</strong>.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- INDIVIDUAL PHASE -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox">
        <p><strong>INDIVIDUAL PHASE (FIRST HALF OF EACH TRIAL)</strong></p>

        <p>At the start of each trial you play PAC-MAN <strong>alone</strong> using your direction keys (↑ ↓ ← →) to move around a maze and collect fruits (triangles) of different colours.</p>

        <p><strong>Goal:</strong> Learn how valuable each fruit is.</p>

        <p><strong>When you collect a fruit:</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>A <strong>value bar</strong> briefly flashes under PAC-MAN.</li>
            <li>The <strong>fuller the bar</strong>, the higher the value of that fruit.</li>
            <li>The flash is quick, so please pay close attention.</li>
        </ul>

        <p>Each trial contains two different coloured fruits. In the individual part you:</p>
        <ul>
            <li>Have a limited time (<strong>2 minutes</strong>) to move around and collect fruits.</li>
            <li>Use these value flashes to learn which fruit colour is more valuable.</li>
            <li>This will help you in the second phase of the trial (joint or parallel), because for you and your partner, the fruit colours and values in the joint/parallel phase correspond to the fruit colours and values in the individual phase. </li>
            <li>You will then state <strong>which of these fruits you think is more valuable</strong> on one slider - from completely confident Option 1 to completely confident Option 2 (see example below).</li>
        </ul>

        <p><strong>Important:</strong><br>
        Even though you are on a video call, you must <strong>remain silent</strong> during individual phases and <strong>not communicate</strong> to your partner until (and unless) during joint phases.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- INDIVIDUAL PHASE SCREENSHOT -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox" style="text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px;">
        <img src="{% static 'global/pacman_ind.png' %}"
             alt="Individual PAC-MAN Example"
             style="max-width: 90%; border: 2px solid white; border-radius: 8px;">
        <p style="color: white; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 5px;">
            Example of PAC-MAN collecting fruits and seeing value bars during the individual phase
        </p>
    </div>

    <!-- INDIVIDUAL RATING SCREENSHOT -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox" style="text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px;">
        <img src="{% static 'global/pacman_rating.png' %}"
             alt="Valuation Example"
             style="max-width: 90%; border: 2px solid white; border-radius: 8px;">
        <p style="color: white; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 5px;">
            Example of the slider used to report which fruit you think is more valuable (and how confident you are)
        </p>
    </div>

    <!-- SECOND PHASE -->
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        <p><strong>SECOND PHASE (SECOND HALF OF EACH TRIAL)</strong></p>

        <p>Immediately after the individual phase of a trial, you move to the second phase for that same trial. This can be either a <strong>joint phase</strong> or a <strong>parallel phase</strong>.</p>

        <p><strong>What you see and hear:</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>A maze with PAC-MAN, fruits (triangles), and ghosts (squares).</li>
            <li>Two coloured fruits per trial (colors and values corresponding to the individual phase).</li>
            <li>After the second phase you will then state <strong>which of the fruits you think is more valuable</strong> on one slider.</li>
        </ul>

        <p><strong>A) Joint phase</strong></p>
        <p>Here you and your partner <strong>jointly control one PAC-MAN</strong> while on the video call.</p>

        <p><strong>Goal:</strong> Agree which fruit to collect and coordinate your movements to reach it while avoiding ghosts.</p>

        <p><strong>There are two types of joint trials:</strong></p>

        <p><strong>1. Synchrony trials</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>PAC-MAN will only move if you and your partner press the <strong>same direction key</strong> at the <strong>same time</strong> (within a window of 1 second).</li>
            <li>If you are not synchronized, PAC-MAN does not move.</li>
            <li>A <strong>metronome</strong> will beep at regular intervals before PAC-MAN and the fruits appear. You can use this rhythm to help press keys together.</li>
        </ul>

        <p><strong>2. Shared control trials</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>PAC-MAN will move in response to <strong>either player’s keypress</strong>.</li>
            <li>Synchrony is not required here, but you still need to coordinate to reach your chosen fruit and avoid ghosts.</li>
        </ul>

        <p><strong>B) Parallel phase</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>You and your partner each control <strong>your own</strong> PAC-MAN at the same time (both mazes are shown side-by-side).</li>
            <li>You each try to collect a fruit in your own maze.</li>
            <li>You will see your partner's maze next to yours, but you will not see their movements.</li>
            <li>The fruit you collect gives points to you and your partner’s choice gives points to them.</li>
            <li><strong>No communication is allowed</strong> during parallel trials.</li>
        </ul>

        <p>Each second phase is time-limited (<strong>90 seconds</strong>). If you do not reach a fruit in time, that trial ends in a <strong>timeout</strong>.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- JOINT PHASE SCREENSHOT -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox" style="text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px;">
        <img src="{% static 'global/pacman_joint.png' %}"
             alt="Joint PAC-MAN Example"
             style="max-width: 90%; border: 2px solid white; border-radius: 8px;">
        <p style="color: white; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 5px;">
            Example of PAC-MAN during the joint phase (two players coordinating to reach a fruit)
        </p>
    </div>

    <!-- SCORING AND BONUS -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox">
        <p><strong>SCORING AND BONUS – CHOOSING THE MOST VALUABLE FRUIT</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>Each fruit has a different value. In the individual phases, you <strong>learn these values</strong> from the value bars.</li>
            <li>In the <strong>joint phases</strong>, your <strong>bonus depends on which fruit you jointly collect</strong>.</li>
            <li>In the <strong>parallel phases</strong>, your bonus depends on the fruit <strong>you personally collect</strong> in your own maze.</li>
            <li>If you choose the <strong>more valuable fruit</strong>, you earn more points and therefore a higher bonus.</li>
            <li>If you are caught by a ghost or run out of time, you earn <strong>no points</strong> for that trial.</li>
        </ul>

        <p>Your bonus will be determined based on randomly selected trials - so please make sure you do your best on all trials</p>

        <p>It is therefore very important that you collect the <strong>most valuable fruit</strong> in the second phase of each trial (joint or parallel).</p>

        <p>Not following the instructions (especially the communication rules) can negatively affect your payment.</p>

        <p>Base pay is paid out once your submission is approved, and the bonus can take several days to be processed.</p>
    </div>

    <!-- PRACTICE TRIALS -->
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        <p><strong>PRACTICE TRIALS</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>1 individual practice trial</strong> – you will play alone and practice collecting fruits and learning their value.</li>
            <li><strong>4 joint practice trials</strong> – you play with your partner:
                <ul>
                    <li>Two <strong>synchrony</strong> practice trials.</li>
                    <li>Two <strong>shared control</strong> practice trials.</li>
                    <li>The <strong>target fruit colour</strong> is explicitly shown above the maze.</li>
                    <li>Use these trials to get used to coordinating.</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <!-- QUICK RECAP -->
    <div class="wrapper textbox">
        <p><strong>QUICK RECAP</strong></p>
        <ul>
            <li>You are connected to your partner via a <strong>video call</strong> from the very start of the study.</li>
            <li>We will test you can see and hear each other - if you cannot you will receive a partial payment for your waiting time.
            </li>
            <li>You complete <strong>1 individual practice</strong> and <strong>4 joint practice trials</strong>.</li>
            <li>Then you complete <strong>18 main trials</strong>, each with:
                <ul>
                    <li>An <strong>individual phase</strong> (you alone, learning fruit values - colors and values correspond to joint phase).</li>
                    <li>A second phase that is either a <strong>joint phase</strong> (you play together) or a <strong>parallel phase</strong> (you each play individually, no talking).</li>
                    <li>You will <strong>estimate the values</strong> of the fruits both after the individual phase and after the second phase.</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>In joint trials you may communicate to coordinate where to go and agree which fruit to collect.</li>
            <li>You must <strong>not communicate</strong> during the individual phase, during parallel trials, or when estimating fruit values.</li>
            <li>If your partner becomes unresponsive and the task does not continue, please return the study on Prolific - you will be paid according to your time.</li>
            <li>The task takes around <strong>25 minutes</strong> with a base pay of <strong>£4</strong>.</li>
            <li>Your <strong>bonus (up to £1.50)</strong> depends on collecting the most valuable fruit in the second phase of trials (joint or parallel).</li>
        </ul>

        <p>On the next page, you complete a short <strong>comprehension check</strong> to ensure the instructions are clear.
           <strong>If you fail the comprehension check more than once, you must return the study on Prolific and you cannot continue.</strong>
        </p>
    </div>

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