""" instructions_text.py — Single source of truth for all instruction text. Both the instruction pages and the collapsible review panels on the comprehension pages import from here, so any edit only needs to happen once. Each variable holds a plain HTML fragment (no / wrapper). Templates render it with: {{ general_instructions_html }} {{ condition_instructions_html }} oTree auto-escapes template variables, so pass them through django.utils.safestring.mark_safe() in vars_for_template() — see pages.py. """ # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # General Instructions # (shown on GeneralInstructions page and in the collapsible panel on # GeneralComprehension page) # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- from .constants import MU_TO_GBP GENERAL_INSTRUCTIONS_HTML = f"""

Thank you for taking part in our study. Please read these instructions carefully. The study consists of several tasks in which you can earn a bonus payment with the decisions you make and questionnaires.

Overview of the Tasks

In the tasks you will face a series of situations. In each situation there are two options — one on the left and one on the right — and you will have to decide between them.

Allocation Task. In this type of task, you will decide between two options that each specify how a sum of money is divided between you and another person. The two options differ in how much you keep for yourself and how much the other person receives.

Lottery Task. In this type of task, you will decide between two options that each represent a lottery. The two lotteries differ in the possible amounts you can earn and the probability of each amount occurring.

Choices Made by Others

For each situation, a separate group of 10 people already made decisions. In the following, these people will be referred to as 'the earlier group'. This earlier group of people was selected to be similar to you based on the information that is available on Prolific.

The next pages will explain exactly how the behaviour of the earlier group relates to your own decisions.

Payment

Your bonus payment will be determined as follows:

At the end of your participation in this study, one situation will be randomly selected from all the situations.
Your decision in that situation, together with the actual behaviour of the earlier group, will determine your bonus payment.
If the selected situation is from the Allocation Task, you earn the amount that you allocated to yourself in your chosen option and the other person will receive the amount that you allocated to the other person.
If the selected situation is from the Lottery Task, the lottery you chose will be resolved and you will earn the resulting amount.

Note: The other person who you can allocate money to is otherwise not involved in this study. The other person will not learn your identity and also will not make any decision that can affect your payment in any way. The other person is also not from the earlier group.

Important: Because any situation could be the one that determines your bonus payment, you should consider every decision carefully.

Earnings in the study are expressed in Monetary Units (MU). At the end of the study, your MU earnings will be converted to GBP at the rate 1 MU = GBP {MU_TO_GBP} . You will also receive a fixed participation fee of GBP 4.50.

""" # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Condition-specific Instructions # (shown on ConditionInstructions page and in the collapsible panel on # ConditionComprehension page) # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- _CONDITION_INSTRUCTIONS = { # ---- THRESHOLD -------------------------------------------------------- 'threshold': """

You are now ready to begin the tasks. Before you start, please read the following instructions carefully — they explain exactly the way how you can make your decisions.

How the Situations Work

In this study, you make decisions that can depend on how the people in the earlier group decided. Specifically, you make decisions that can depend on how many people in the earlier group picked which of the two options. We will call this the split in the earlier group. We ask you to indicate your personal threshold, which is the minimum number of people from the earlier group who would need to have picked the left option for you to also pick the left option.

How You Indicate Your Personal Threshold

You will set your personal threshold using a slider below the two options. As you move the slider, person icons below the options will update automatically to show the corresponding split that represents your personal threshold. The slider ranges from you choosing "Always left" to "Always right" with intermediate settings in between. You can set the slider to any value that you prefer.

Move the slider all the way to the left ("Always Left") if you would always pick the left option — regardless of how many others picked it, including if none of them did.
Move the slider all the way to the right ("Always Right") if you would always pick the right option — regardless of how many others picked it, including if none of them did.

Here is an example how the slider looks like:

By setting the slider to an intermediate threshold you are indicating that this is the minimum number of people from the earlier group who would need to have picked the left option for you to also pick the left option. Recall that the earlier group consisted of 10 people.

For example, set the slider to 3 if you would only pick the left option if at least 3 people in the earlier group also picked the left option. This also means that if less than 3 picked the left option that you would pick the right option.
For example, set the slider to 10 if you would pick the left option only if all 10 people in the earlier group also picked the left option and else you would pick the right option.

The option that determines your payoff therefore depends on your personal threshold and the actual behaviour by the other participants. Specifically, your personal threshold will be checked against the actual behaviour of the earlier group: if the number of people who picked the left option meets or exceeds your personal threshold, the left option will be selected for you — otherwise it will be the right option.

Example: If your slider is set to 4, this means: "I would pick the left option if at least 4 out of 10 people from the earlier group picked it. If fewer than 4 picked it, I would pick the right option."

There are no right or wrong answers. Please respond according to your preferences.

""", # ---- STAIRCASE -------------------------------------------------------- 'staircase': """

You are now ready to begin the decision tasks. Before you start, please read the following instructions carefully — they explain exactly the way how you make your decisions.

How the Situations Work

In this study, you make decisions that can depend on how the people in the earlier group decided. Specifically, you make decisions that can depend on how many people in the earlier group picked which of the two options. We will call this the split in the earlier group. There are several situations and for each situation you will make a series of choices. Each choice presents the same two options, but each choice shows a different possible split in the behaviour of the earlier group. For each choice, simply click the option you prefer if the presented split was the actual behaviour of the earlier group.

Here is an example how the choice looks like:

The decisions in the choices will identify your personal threshold, which is the minimum number of people from the earlier group who would need to have picked the left option for you to also pick the left option. The series of choices ends automatically once your threshold is clearly established, and you will then move on to the next decision situation.

A threshold of 0 means you would always pick the left option — regardless of how many others picked it, including if none of them did.
A threshold of 11 ("Always Right") means you would always pick the right option — regardless of how many others picked it, including if none of them did.
A threshold of 3 means you would only pick the left option if at least 3 people from the earlier group picked it.
A threshold of 10 means you would only pick the left option if all 10 people from the earlier group picked it.

The option that determines your payoff therefore depends on your personal threshold and the actual behaviour of the other >. Specifically, your personal threshold will be checked against the actual behaviour of the earlier group: if the number of people who picked the left option meets or exceeds your personal threshold, the left option will be selected for you — otherwise it will be the right option.

Example: If your personal threshold is 4, this means: "I would pick the left option if at least 4 out of 10 people from the earlier group picked it. If fewer than 4 picked it, I would pick the right option."

""", # ---- FULL MPL --------------------------------------------------------- 'full_MPL': """

You are now ready to begin the decision tasks. Before you start, please read the following instructions carefully — they explain exactly the way how you can make your decisions.

How the Situations Work

In this study, you make decisions that can depend on how the people in the earlier group decided.Specifically, you make decisions that can depend on how many people in the earlier group picked which of the two options. We will call this the split in the earlier group. There are several situations and for each situation you will make a series of choices. Each choice presents the same two options, but each choice shows a different possible split in the behaviour of the earlier group. For each choice, simply click the option you prefer if the presented split was the actual behaviour of the earlier group.

Here is an example how the choice looks like:

The option that determines your payoff therefore depends on your personal decisions and the actual behaviour by the other participants. Specifically, the choice you made for the split that matches the actual behaviour of the earlier group will determine which option gets selected for you.

What You Need to Do

For each of the splits, simply click the option you would pick if this were the actual split in the earlier group. After you have responded to all presentations for a situation, you will automatically move on to the next one.

Important: Please make each choice based on what you prefer to do given the split shown. You may pick the same option across all 11 presentations, or switch between options at some point — whatever reflects your preferences. There are no right or wrong answers.

""", } def get_condition_instructions_html(condition: str) -> str: """Return the instruction HTML fragment for the given condition. Falls back to threshold text if the condition is unrecognised.""" return _CONDITION_INSTRUCTIONS.get(condition, _CONDITION_INSTRUCTIONS['threshold']) # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Allocation Task (Dictator) Instructions # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DICTATOR_INSTRUCTIONS_HTML = """

Overview

In this task, you will see a series of situations where you have to make a allocation decisions. In each situation, you will decide how to allocate Monetary Units (MU) between yourself and another person. The amount that you send to the other person will be multiplied by a given factor — called the multiplier.

The other person is another participant on Prolific who is not otherwise involved in this study. The other person will not learn about your identity and will not make any decision that can affect your payment in any way.

If one situation from this task will be selected as the payoff-relevant situation, you will receive the MU that you kept for yourself, and the other person will receive the MU that you sent multiplied by the multiplier. Therefore, the decisions you make here can have real monetary consequences for both you and another person.

How Each Situation Is Displayed

Each situation presents two options side by side. The visualization for each option shows:

The initial split: how many MU you keep and how many MU are sent to the other person.
The multiplier applied to the amount sent to the other person.
The final payouts: how many MU you and the other person ultimately receive.

""" # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Lottery Task (Risk) Instructions # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- RISK_INSTRUCTIONS_HTML = """

Overview

In this task, you will see a series of situations where you have to choose between lotteries. In each situation, you will decide between two options. Each option is a lottery with up to two possible outcomes.

If one situation from this task will be selected as the payoff-relevant situation, the lottery in your chosen option will be resolved: one of the two outcomes will be randomly determined according to the probabilities shown, and you will receive the corresponding amount of MU.

How Each Situation Is Displayed

Each option is shown as a coloured wheel. The size of each coloured segment corresponds to the probability of the related outcome. The MU amount for each outcome is shown inside the wheel, and the probabilities are displayed below it. If one outcome is certain (100% probability), the wheel will be a single colour showing that amount.

"""