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Washington Energy Services

3909 196th St SW, Lynnwood, WA 98036, United States

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1 800-398-4663

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Room pressure can be either favorable or unfavorable with respect to outside the room. Positive pressure occurs when there is more air being provided than exhausted, and prevails to minimize the seepage of outside pollutants. Natural ventilation is an essential consider minimizing the spread of air-borne diseases such as tuberculosis, the acute rhinitis, influenza and meningitis.

Natural ventilation needs little maintenance and is low-cost. An air conditioning system, or a standalone a/c unit, supplies cooling and humidity control for all or part of a building. Air conditioned structures often have sealed windows, due to the fact that open windows would work against the system intended to preserve constant indoor air conditions.

The portion of return air comprised of fresh air can normally be controlled by adjusting the opening of this vent. Typical fresh air consumption is about 10%. [] Air conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. Heat can be removed through radiation, convection, or conduction. Refrigeration conduction media such as water, air, ice, and chemicals are described as refrigerants.

It is imperative that the air conditioning horsepower suffices for the location being cooled. Underpowered a/c system will cause power wastage and ineffective usage. Adequate horsepower is required for any air conditioning system installed. The refrigeration cycle uses 4 necessary components to cool. The system refrigerant starts its cycle in a gaseous state.

From there it gets in a heat exchanger (often called a condensing coil or condenser) where it loses energy (heat) to the outside, cools, and condenses into its liquid phase. An (also called metering device) controls the refrigerant liquid to stream at the appropriate rate. The liquid refrigerant is gone back to another heat exchanger where it is enabled to evaporate, hence the heat exchanger is often called an evaporating coil or evaporator.

While doing so, heat is taken in from inside and transferred outdoors, resulting in cooling of the building. In variable environments, the system might consist of a reversing valve that changes from heating in winter to cooling in summer season. By reversing the flow of refrigerant, the heatpump refrigeration cycle is altered from cooling to heating or vice versa.

Free cooling systems can have very high effectiveness, and are in some cases integrated with seasonal thermal energy storage so that the cold of winter can be utilized for summertime a/c. Common storage mediums are deep aquifers or a natural underground rock mass accessed via a cluster of small-diameter, heat-exchanger-equipped boreholes.

The heatpump is added-in due to the fact that the storage acts as a heat sink when the system remains in cooling (instead of charging) mode, triggering the temperature level to slowly increase throughout the cooling season. Some systems consist of an “economizer mode”, which is often called a “free-cooling mode”. When economizing, the control system will open (completely or partly) the outside air damper and close (totally or partly) the return air damper.

When the outdoors air is cooler than the demanded cool air, this will enable the need to be fulfilled without utilizing the mechanical supply of cooling (usually chilled water or a direct expansion “DX” unit), thus conserving energy. The control system can compare the temperature of the outside air vs.

In both cases, the outside air must be less energetic than the return air for the system to enter the economizer mode. Central, “all-air” air-conditioning systems (or bundle systems) with a combined outside condenser/evaporator system are typically set up in North American residences, workplaces, and public buildings, but are difficult to retrofit (install in a structure that was not designed to get it) because of the large air ducts needed.

An option to packaged systems is the usage of separate indoor and outside coils in split systems. Split systems are preferred and commonly used around the world other than in The United States and Canada. In The United States and Canada, divided systems are most typically seen in residential applications, however they are getting popularity in small commercial structures.

The benefits of ductless a/c systems consist of simple setup, no ductwork, higher zonal control, flexibility of control and peaceful operation. [] In area conditioning, the duct losses can account for 30% of energy usage. Using minisplit can result in energy savings in space conditioning as there are no losses connected with ducting.

Indoor systems with directional vents mount onto walls, suspended from ceilings, or fit into the ceiling. Other indoor units install inside the ceiling cavity, so that brief lengths of duct handle air from the indoor system to vents or diffusers around the spaces. Split systems are more effective and the footprint is usually smaller sized than the bundle systems.

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