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Thiol reactive crosslinkers are one of the most common classes of crosslinkers in bioconjugation (1). Quanta BioDesign offers a variety of homo- and heterobifunctional thiol reactive crosslinkers for bioconjugation with dPEG® spacers of several different lengths. Quanta BioDesign also offers pyridyl disulfide (SPDP) bioconjugation crosslinkers (see also here), and with these, the thiol reacts with the SPDP moiety to produce a new disulfide bond, as illustrated in Reaction 1. The popularity of conjugation to a thiol is due in part to its presence in many proteins, but they are not as prevalent as amines, which are another site for conjugation. Pyridine-2-thione is generated, but it cannot react with any remaining SPDP crosslinker because it does not contain a thiol (3, 4). If you want a longer length dPEG® spacer than you see here, please call or email us about that also. Hermanson, Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Edition, Elsevier, Waltham, MA 02451, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-382239-0; See Chapter 18, Discrete PEG Reagents, pp.


Near neutral pH, the double bond of the maleimide reacts preferentially and very rapidly with a thiol to form a thioether bond that is not susceptible to reduction (2). 276-335 for general description and use of heterobifunctional crosslinkers, and the specific sample protocol for SPDP and LC-SPDP on pp.
Even greater control of the conjugation process is afforded if a thiol reactive compound is combined with an amine reactive compound to create a heterobifunctional crosslinker. Quanta BioDesign offers homobifunctional bis-maleimides as well as a few heterobifunctional maleimide bioconjugation crosslinkers with the other end being an amine reactive active ester. It can also be oxidized back to the disulfide bond, which provides a flexibility not available with the maleimide crosslinkers.
Dan is a Process Development Chemist involved in process development and scale-up activities. One of our most popular products is Mal-dPEG®4-NHS ester, product number 10214 (shown in Figure 1).


In-house research by Quanta BioDesign, Ltd., demonstrates that the TFP ester is much less susceptible than the NHS ester to hydrolysis. It contains a 22 atom (24.8 A) tetraethylene glycol spacer functionalized on one end with a thiol reactive maleimidopropyl group and on the other end with an amine reactive propionic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester. 1192-1193 for references to a number and range of applications and their respective protocols.Greg T. Reduced Sialylation Impacts Ventricular Repolarization by Modulating Specific K+ Channel Isoforms Distinctly.

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