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The drain system in our homes takes away all of the liquid waste generated by its occupants, without it we would be hip deep in sewage, yet we pay little attention to the drain system until it stops working properly. In order to help prevent unwanted problems with your home’s drain system it is important that you understand how it works and what you can do to avoid drain system disasters.
Drainpipes carry the waste from each plumbing fixture to the main drain line and then on to the municipal waste system. In order for waste to flow freely out of your home and on to the municipal sewage treatment plant, air must be available within the drainage system. Every plumbing fixture, if installed properly is connected to the drainpipes through a trap.
Note: The water that is captured in the trap of the plumbing fixture is open to the air through the drain of that specific plumbing fixture.
And once there is a problem with the drain system, time is of the essence to have it fixed.

All of the plumbing fixtures; sinks, toilets, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and dishwashers are connected to the drain system, as shown in Figure 1. In most cases the trap is an external piece of plumbing that connects the drain on the plumbing fixture to the drainpipe. The trap is filled with water, as shown in Figure 3, which prevents sewer gas from exiting the drainpipes through the specific plumbing fixture. The overall drain system’s health is predicated on the basis that there is water in all of the traps. The drain system directs the waste from these plumbing fixtures to a main drain line which runs to a municipal sewage treatment plant or possibly your own septic system. These pipes are connected to the drainpipe and run to the highest point of the home – the roof. At the same time, the drain system is responsible to protect your family from sewer gas entering your home, which is in the municipal sewage system.

When the system is working properly the waste in the drainpipes flows freely from the plumbing fixture out to the municipal sewage system.
The vent pipes or as it is commonly termed the vent stack, penetrates the roof providing the air necessary to promote the free flow of waste in the drain system. Any blockage in the line can cause waste to back-up though the drain in the plumbing fixture and flood the area. A clogged vent pipe can create serious problems as air must be drawn into the drain lines at some point. If the vent pipes are clogged and not working properly, the air required can be drawn through other plumbing fixtures.

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